What is a Targe Shield?

The Targe shield is a fascinating element in military history, particularly associated with Scottish infantry warriors between the 13th and 16th centuries. This shield, besides being a functional artifact in battle, embodies the rich culture and historical legacy of Scotland.

Origin and Etymology

The term "Targe" comes from the ancient Frankish targa and the Proto-Germanic targo, meaning "shield" or "border." During the Middle Ages, its use spread across various regions of Europe, notably in Scotland and Spain, where warriors employed it in various conflicts.

Design Characteristics

One of the most distinctive features of the Targe shield is its concave shape, designed to provide optimal protection to the bearer. Elements of its construction include:

• Wood: Many targes were made with two layers of wood joined at a right angle, giving them considerable durability.
• Iron: Some shields incorporated iron, providing durability and were occasionally covered with leather for added comfort and aesthetic appeal, decorated with brass studs.
• Leather: Wooden shields often had a leather cover secured with brass or silver nails.

Functionality and Use in Combat

The Targe shield was crucial in hand-to-hand combat. Scottish warriors used it not only for protection but also to confront their opponents. Its design allowed warriors to hold a weapon in one hand while protecting themselves with the shield in the other, enabling a smooth transition between attack and defense.

Change in Use and Prohibition

Over time, starting in the 15th century, the term "targe" began to be associated with shields used in jousting competitions. However, after the Battle of Culloden in 1746, the use of these shields was prohibited. This tragic event led to the destruction of many, increasing the historical and cultural value of the few that survive today.

Conservation and Aesthetics

The Targe shields that have survived to this day are witnesses to the artistic skill of their creators, adorned with intricate decorative patterns. Many of these shields belonged to prominent historical figures, becoming objects of admiration and study.

Overall, the Targe shield is not only a symbol of defense on the battlefield but also represents the indomitable spirit and cultural heritage of Scotland, reminding us of the bravery of the warriors who wielded it.